Dormice, small and adorable rodents, are distinguished by their unique physical characteristics. Measuring typically between 6 to 12 centimeters in body length, not including their fluffy tails, which can add an additional 5 to 10 centimeters, dormice have a compact and furry physique. Weighing between 15 to 30 grams, these creatures are lightweight, enhancing their agility. The lifespan of a dormouse in the wild is usually around 5 years, although in captivity, they can live up to 5 years longer due to the absence of predators and stable food supply.

One of the most remarkable organs of a dormouse is its tail. Unlike many rodents, a dormouse's tail is not only a balance tool but also a fat storage organ, especially important for their hibernation period. During autumn, dormice accumulate fat in their tails, which can noticeably thicken. This stored fat is crucial for their survival during the long winter months when they hibernate. The tail acts as a reserve, slowly releasing energy to maintain vital functions when food is not available.

Question: Why do dormice hibernate for such long periods?

Answer: Dormice are known for their prolonged hibernation, which can last from October to April or even longer, depending on the climate. This hibernation is a survival strategy to overcome food scarcity in colder months. During hibernation, dormice enter a state of torpor, significantly reducing their metabolic rate. This adaptation allows them to conserve energy by lowering body temperature and slowing heart rate and breathing. The duration and depth of their hibernation are influenced by environmental factors such as temperature and food availability. This lengthy hibernation is vital for their survival, as it helps them conserve energy until spring when food becomes plentiful again.

Dormice exhibit fascinating movement characteristics, primarily arboreal in nature. They are adept climbers, using their sharp claws to grip and navigate through trees with agility and grace. Their movements are often described as nimble and acrobatic, enabling them to leap from branch to branch with ease. This arboreal lifestyle is essential for avoiding ground predators and for accessing food sources like fruits and insects in the treetops.

In terms of feeding habits, dormice are omnivorous, with a diet mainly consisting of fruits, berries, nuts, insects, and occasionally small birds' eggs. Their eating habits change seasonally; during summer and autumn, they consume more fruits and nuts to build fat reserves for hibernation. Their sharp incisors are well-adapted for gnawing through tough nut shells, while their sensitive whiskers help them navigate and find food in the dark.

Dormice primarily inhabit deciduous forests, hedgerows, and bushy gardens. They prefer environments with abundant foliage for shelter and a diverse food supply. Their nests are often constructed in shrubs or trees, made from grass, leaves, and stripped bark, providing insulation and safety. The choice of habitat is crucial for their survival, as it provides protection from predators and harsh weather conditions while offering easy access to food sources.

The breeding season for dormice typically occurs between May and August. Females usually give birth to one litter per year, with 4 to 5 young on average. The gestation period lasts about 24 days, after which the young are born blind and hairless. They depend entirely on their mother for the first few weeks. Maternal care includes feeding, grooming, and keeping them warm in the nest. This nurturing period is critical for the survival of the young, as they develop the necessary skills and strength to venture out on their own.

Book: "The Secret Life of the Dormouse" by Emma Harris, published in the United Kingdom in 1999. This book offers a captivating insight into the life of dormice, exploring their habits, habitats, and the challenges they face in the wild. Harris, a renowned wildlife expert, combines scientific research with engaging anecdotes, making the book both informative and entertaining. The book also discusses the conservation efforts needed to protect these charming creatures and their natural habitats.

Book: "Dormice: A Tale of Tails and Trees" by Jonathan Forster, released in the United States in 2003. Forster, a noted biologist, delves into the unique aspects of dormice, particularly their adaptation to arboreal lifestyles and the significance of their tails in survival and hibernation. The book is a blend of scientific study and practical observations, providing readers with a thorough understanding of these small mammals and their ecological importance.